Washing machine



March 9 H. L. JOHNSTON ET AL 2,073,521

WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 I42, 150 140 ll 1 l INVENTORS March 1937. H. L. JOHNSTON El AL 2,073,521

WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 1'7, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 in, I a M WENTOR igi BY gm 4mm of 7201 2 ATTORNEYJ March 9, 1937. H. L. JOHNSTON ET AL WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 A TTORNEYQ March 9, 1937. H. L. JOHNSTON El AL WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 A TTORNEY I VENTOR h m/6M0) BY fla lili Q m Mum 04d my March 9, 1937.

H. L. JOHNSTON ET AL WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17,- 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ill 71/47/94 no r I ikml Eri- Il ATTORNEY H. L. JOHNSTON ET AL March 9 1937.

WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, l93l- 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 fig-l2 INVENTORS ,1. BY Wu MM 9 w A TTORNEYJ March 9, 1937.

H I. JOHNSTON ET AL WASHING MACHINE 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Jan. 17, 1931 EigiQ I ATTORNEY9 March 9, 1937. LJOHNSTQN ET AL 2,073,521

WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17. 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet a 7W M PM ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 9, 1937 WASHING MACHINE Herbert L. Johnston and David A. Meeker, Troy, Ohio, assignors to The Hobart Manufacturing Company, Troy; Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application January 17, 1931,. Serial No. 509,410 32 Claims.. (01.141-9) This invention relates to washing machines. v One of the principal objects of the invention is the provision of a washing machine which is simple in construction, is eflicient in operation, 5 is capable of handling large quantities of articles for rapid and thorough washing; and in which the passage of articles through the machine may be varied to provide a washing operation of regulated and controlled duration. 10 Another object of the invention is the provision of a washing machine in which the operation of the article feeding mechanism is automatically suspended during times that the passage of articles is obstructed, and is automati- 15 cally resumed upon removal of the obstruction.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a washing machine of an article advancing mechanism incorporating an oscillating motion by which the articles are intermittently advanced through the machine, and which is readily reversible to provide a feeding movement in either of opposite directions; the mechanism comprising a trame suspension of flexible members freely movable, and capable of continued operation without deterioration or wear.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a washing machine of this .character, having an intermittent advance of the articles to be washed during transit through the machine, of

30 Wash water jets which are positioned in coordination with the travel of articles through the machine to assure a uniform distribution of wash water and thorough cleansing of the articles.

A further object of the invention is the provi- 35 sion in a washing machine of rinsing jets which are actuated by the passage of articles to provide a thorough rinsing operation without waste of rinse water,-and in which the rinsing operation is automatically terminated during ,periods of abnormal operation of the machine.

Otherobjects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims. a

45 In the drawings, which'illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention-- Fig. 1.is a side elevational view of a washing. machine constructed in accordance with this invention; some of the parts being broken away 50 for clearness of illustration;

Fig. *2 is an end elevational viewof the machine in which certain of the parts are broken away;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 55 3-3 of Fig.

v eral views thereof, illustrate a washing machine Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the. line 4-4 of Fig. 1; I

Fig. 5 is a view oi a portion of the feeding mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a view of a portion of the rinse water 5 control;

Fig. -7 is a view of a portion of the control for the feeding pawls; Fig. 8 is a view of a portion of the feeding mechanism and pawl control;

Fig. 9 is a detail view of a part of a pawl rack of a carrier;'

Fig. 10 is a view of a portion oi. the rinsing jet control; v

Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating the relation ship between the spray spacing and the carrier movement;

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal vertical section through the machine illustrating a somewhat diiferent form of carrier feeding mechanism; and I Fig. 13 is a torque diagram of the overload re.- lease mechanism.

The drawings, in which like characters of reference designatelike parts throughout the sevwhich is adapted to receive articles to be washed, and is provided with feeding means to advance the articlesthrough the operations of washing and rinsing; the articles being preferably placed in suitable carriers for transit through the machine. As shown, the washing machine comprises spaced uprights lfl which are joined'by I I strengthening members II and a base i2 toprovide a rigid rectangular structure. Mounted upon the structure is a housing l3 which contains the washing jets, and through which the carriers or articles to be washed are advanced by the feeding mechanism. The housing comprises a top wall ll, end walls IS in which are 'pro- 40 vided suitable openings 16 for the entrance and removal of the carriers, side walls FL and a bottom wall It which-serves as a collector for the wash water, and which has formed to it a sump l9 mmwhich the collector l8 drains. Suitable strainers 20 are placed at the entrance opening of the sump and serve torestrain the passage into the sump of solid waste material which has'been washed from the articles -passing through the machine. Mounted on the base I! is a.motor driven pumping and driving unit which actuates the feeding mechanism and provides the circulation of wash water. As shown, the sh'aitof the motor 22 is connected by a coupling 23 to the shait 24 of a gear drive or speed reducer 25 of conventional construction. The opposite end of the shaft 24 is connected by a coupling 26 to a centrifugal pump 21 having a suction connection 28 with the sump I9. The pump discharge 30 is connected to branched conduits 3| and 32; the conduit 3| providing a supply of wash water to a lower jet structure 33 having upwardly directed nozzles, while the conduit 32 terminates in the supporting member 34 for a rotary wash arm structure 35 having a plurality of jets 36 which are positioned to direct sprays of wash waterdownwardly onto the articles as they are passed through the machine.

For convenience in handling the: articles that are to be washed, suitable carriers 38 are provided into which the articles are placed for passage through the machine. As shown, a carrier 38 comprises a four-sided framework 39 of wood or other suitable material having a bottom 40 so constructed that the sprays of wash water may readily pass therethrough. Trays which are to be used for carrying dishes and like objects through the machine may beconstructed with spaced rods 4| which serve to position the articles to permit thorough coverage by the washing jets. A carrier to support such articles may have a bottom constructed of spaced parallel rods extending transversely to the members 4|. Carriers which are to be used for the transportation of silverware and such articles may be provided with a screen bottom 40' of such mesh that the articles may not pass through, but through which the jets of washing water may readily pass. The carriers are provided with handle grips 43 by which they may be readily lifted by the operator when placing them intoposition for passage through the machine, and the bottom edges of a pair of parallel side walls are provided with metal shoes 45 upon which the carrier moves 40 through the machine. When operating the machine the motor is usually permitted to run continuously during the entire period of use. The operator may insert the carriers within the machine as they become filled with articles to be washed, or he may insert the carriers at intervals to permit a washing period of any desired duration,

For transit of the carriers through the machine .a trackway is provided to support the carriers, and means are provided for progressively advancing the carriers with respect to the trackway by 'a relative movement between the trackway and the carrier advancing means. This may be accomplished either by the use of a stationary trackway with a movable advancing means, or through the use of a movable carrier supporting trackway with stationary advancing means so arranged as 'to retard movement of the carriers upon movement of the trackway in one direction. As shown, the trackway comprises spaced members 4B of angular cross section which extend longitudinally throughthe machine from one end l to the other, and which are securely fastened by supporting brackets 49 from the framework of the machine. -The track members 48.stand with one leg of each angle extending vertically, and the other leg extending horizontallytowards one another. The horizontally extending por-' 70 tions serve to support the shoes 45 of the car- 75 The carrier advancing means comprises a is of controlled amplitude and of periodic recurrence. Positioned on the frame are spaced members which are adapted to engage the carriers upon movement of the frame'in one direction to thereby advance them relatively to the supporting trackways 48. As shown, the carrier advancing means comprises longitudinally extending rails 52 which stand parallel to the tracks 48, and which are attached by, means of screws 53 to the arms 54 of end members 55 which extend transversely of the machine and, with the bars 52, provide a sturdy rectangular frame. The carrier advancing frame is supported within the machine by means of flexible straps 51 which are suspended from the housing l3 of the machine and are connected to the end members 55 of the frame. The straps 51 are preferably in the form of tapes of corrosion resisting metal, such as phosphor-bronze, which are suspended from brackets 58 so that they may readily flex as the supported frame is oscillated by the driving mechanism. Such a suspension permits freedom of movement of the frame without having to resort to pivoted joints which are subject to wear and the necessity for replacement. While; in the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, the carrier advancingframe is suspended in the manner of a swing for oscillating movement about finite radii, the frame can be mounted on rollers or slides for reciprocating movement, or oscil1a tion about infinite radii. Consequently, the expression oscillating movement as used herein refers not only to oscillation about flnite radii but also oscillation or back and forth movement about infinite'radii, unless the contrary appears from the text.

The carrier advancing members comprise spaced pawls generally designated 60 which are pivotally mounted upon the rails 52 and are spaced less than a carrier length apart so that as a carrier is advanced through the machine a second pawl will take up the advance of the carrier before the first pawl moves the carrier beyond its range of travel. As shown, each pawl comprises an extending end portion Bl which is adapted to engage a carrier for advancement 60 is limited by means of a pin 65 positioned on.

the bar 52and extending between spaced overlying portions of the pawl. Each pawl 60 is provided with an elongated loop 66 which overlies the pin 65 and is positioned with respect to the pawl axis so that the pawl may swingwithin the limits provided by the loop.

The carriers 38 are advanced by engagement of the pawls 60 with spaced lugs 10 which extend from the shoes 45. The lugs 10 are uniformly spaced and serve in effect as rack teeth with which the pawls engage in succession upon being oscillated with the carrier advancing frame. To insure a uniform distribution of load between the pawls at the opposite sides of the machine the shoes 45 are all formed of like shape and are provided with upstanding end lugs Ii definitely spaced with respect to the lugs 10, and which serve as guides for attaching the shoes to the rectangular frames 39 so that the lugs III will be positioned directly opposite to one another. The lugs ID are spaced apart a distance equal to or 5 somewhat less than the oscillating travel of the carrier advancing frame, so that after having advanced the carriers upon feeding movement, the pawls will recede an amount sufficient to engage them behind the next succeeding lugs.

,0 As mentioned, the pawls 60 are spaced apart a distance less than a carrier length and, as shown, three pairs of pawls are provided on the rails 52 one pair being provided adjacent each end of the machine while the remaining pair is positioned .5 adjacent the middle 'of the machine and within the range of the washingjets. 'As the carriers are advanced through the machine they are picked up in succession by each pair of pawls so that the carriers are moved intermittently at a steady rate of advance. The speed of travel is such that all of the articles are subjected to the action of the washing jets for a suflicient length of time to thoroughly cleanse normally dirty dishes before they are carried from the range of the washing jets and into the range of the rinsing jets. To provide a rate of feed through the machine which would permit the carriers to remain within range of the washing jets for a lengthof time suflicient to thoroughly cleanse unusually dirty dishes, such as those containing dried food whichmust be dissolved by an extended treatment under the washing jets, would needlessly limit the capacity of the machine for handling dishes which are easily washed. To'permit regulation of the duration of the washing operation a control is provided whereby the carriers are caused to dwell within the range of the washing jets when desired. The washing jets 33 and 35 are positioned midway through the machine, and the con- 4O trol which regulates the passage of carriers is arranged so that the 'pawls I2 (Fig. 3) which advance the carriers through the washing station may be rendered inoperative for movement of a carrier. When these pawls are moved to an inoperative position a carrier upon entering the machine is advanced by the first pair of pawls I3 until it is fed beyond the range of travel of this pair of pawls I3 and into the range of the washing jets. The carrier then remains stationary until the control is actuated to render the washing station pawls again operative, or until the next following carrier advances through the machine a distance suflicient to push the preceding carrier forward until it is engaged by the last pair of pawls Il for movement from the machine.

The control which renders the pawls I2 inoperative is such that a dwell may be provided within range of the washing station, or the carriers may be progressively advanced through the machine as desired. To permit manual regulation of the passage of carriers 2. control arm I5 is positioned on the front of the machine within easy reach of the operator and is fixed to a shaft I6 which extends transversely of the machine; the shaft being suitably supported from the framework to permit free rotational movement thereof. Spaced arms I! are fixed to theshaft I6 and have attached to them extending plates I8 which lie directly beneath the paths of travel of the pawls I2 which are rendered inoperative upon actuation of this control. The plates I8 are attached to the arms TI by means of screws I9 which extend through slots ,80 in the plates to permit of a range of adjustment therefor. The plates I8 are provided with extendin p t 82 which are so shaped that upon movement of the control arm I5 to actuating position the plate portions 82 move pivotally to a horizontal position within and parallel to the path of travel of the pawls I2 to lift the ends 52 of the pawls so that the engaging ends Bl are forced downwardly to traverse a path out of engagement with the lugs ID of the carriers. The horizontally extending portions 82 of the plates are greater in longitudinal extent than the oscillating movement of the pawls so that the pawls are supported in inoperative position throughout the. extent of their movement. When the control arm I5 is moved to inoperative position the plates 18 move downwardly to a position out of engagement with the pawls so that the pawls may resume their normal position for advancement of the carrier.

The control is constantly urged toward a position which renders the pawls I2 inoperative by means of a coil spring 85 which encircles the rod I6. One end of the spring 85 is fixed to the rod I6 at 86 while the other end of the spring is secured to a stud 81 extending from the framework of the machine. The control handle is held in,

position to hold pawls I2 inoperative by the torsion of the spring 85 which holds a lug 9| on the control handle in engagement with the under side ofa lug extending outwardly from the machine frame. A second lug 89 is mounted on the machine frame in spaced relation to and beneath the lug 90, the control handle I5 normally.

are rendered operative to eifect advancing feeding movement of the carriers out of the washing zone. As soon as the operator releases the handle I5, the spring 85' will return it to its upper position against the under side'of lug 90, so that the particular pawls I2 associated with this control are then held in inoperative positions. The construction is also such that the control handle I5 may be locked in position to render the pawls I2 continuously operative to effect straight through feeding movement of the carriers. This is accomplished by pulling the handle I5 out axially against the compression of spring 85 a distance sufficient to enable the lug 9| to clear the relativelyshort lug 89, then turning it downwardly beyond lug 89 and releasing it to engage the lug 9| beneath the relatively short mg 89. Axial movement of the handle is resisted by the spring which tends to hold the lugs in engage-- ment.- The control is moved to operating position by pulling the control arm I5 outwardly an amount sufficient to permit the lug 9| to clear the lug 89 whereupon the control is rotated by the spring until the lug 9| engages the relatively long lug 90; the lug 90 being of suflicient length that the lug 9! may not pass it. The spring 85 bears at its outer end against a packing sleeve 93 of a gland 9| within which is provided'suitable packing material to restrain leakage along the rod I5 to the exterior of the machine. The inclusion of this control permits the washing machine to be constructed with a relatively high speed rate of advance for the carriers which is coordinated with the capacity of the washing jets to provide for thorough cleansing of easily washed dishes, and provides also a means whereby dishes that are difiicult-to wash may be permitted to re-, main within the washing station for as long a time as is necessary to clean them. The duration of the dwell is under complete control of the operator and may be terminated either by the introduction of another carrier of articles to be washed to move the preceding carrier within the range of the pawls I4, or by actuation of the control to render the pawls I2 operative. Also, the use of this control permits the last carrier of articles sent through the machine during a. period of use to be stopped at the washing station for as long as desired and then be moved out of the machine without the necessity of sending an empty carrier through to advance the preceding carrier to Within range of the last pawl I4.

Oscillating movement of the carrier advancing frame is provided through a drive mechanism which connects the frame with a rotating crank arm I00 of the gear drive 25. A pivotal connection is provided between the arm I00 and a link IN; the connection incorporating an adjustment whereby the efiective length of the link IOI may be varied so as to vary the relative setting or positioning of the parts of the drive for the oscillating carrier advancing frame. The link IN is pivotally connected at I04 to one end of a lever I05 which is pivotally mounted at I06 upon brackets I0'I suitably supported upon the member I I of the machine frame. As. shown, the pivotal mounting I06 comprises: stub shafts I08 which are held to opposite sides of the lever I05 and extend oppositely therefrom in axial alignment for reception within the brackets I01. The opposite end of the lever I05 has a link IIO pivotally connected thereto at III which in turn is pivotally connected at II2 to a cross member of the carrier advancing frame. As the crank I00 of the drive 25 rotates, the frame is caused to oscillate to provide for progressive advance of the carriers through the machine.

The driving mechanism incorporates an overv4.5 load release whereby the feeding movement may be suspended upon encountering resistance in excess of a predetermined amount such, for example', as may be encountered upon a carrier striking an obstruction which prevents its further advance. This overload release in the driving means is accomplished by constructing the lever I 05 in two parts and by resiliently connecting these parts so that the driving force is transmitted to the carrier advancing frame only when the tension holding the two parts of the lever together exceeds the driven load. As shown, that portion of the lever I05 to which the link IIOis attached comprises a bell like housing H4 from which the stub shafts I08 project. Spaced rods H5 which lie parallel to the support axis I05 extend across the open mouth of the member H4 and provide a support for the opposite end I II of the lever to which the link IN is pivotally connected. The member In, like the member II 4 is of bell like form and of such size as to be received within the open end of the member II4. At the point of engagement with the rods II5 the member I I1 is provided with V-shape'd slots I I8 which provide spaced pivot axes about which the member 7 Ill can move with respect to the member H4.

This pivotal movement is restrained by the provision of springs I20 which extend between a rod I2I carried in the member I I4 and a bracket I22 which is adjustably carried by a screw I23 located 7 in the member III. Upon assembling the two parts H4 and I I! of the lever the springs I20 are tensioned by turning the screw I23 so that the two parts of the lever are held together as one under tension of the springs I20. By being so tensioned the lever I05 will transmit movement as a one piece lever until the load transmitted exceeds the torque produced by the tension of the springs I20 whereupon a further increase in load will cause the lever parts I I4 and I II to move relatively to one another by pivotal movement upon one of the rods H5. The spring bracket I 22 is arranged so that the tension of the two springs I20 is equalized. As shown, the bracket I 22 comprises a circular bar I25 which extends transversely of the bracket and is threaded to receive the screw I23. The bar I 25 serves as a pivotal mounting for the yoke portion I26 of the bracket so that the yoke I26 may shift to permit overload release is constructed so that the driv-- ing torque applied through-the pivotally connected parts H4 and II! is of.a controlled value when the parts are coupled together in their nor' mal operating relationship, as shown in position I, and also in Fig. 5, and so that this driving torque does not increase to an objectionably high value such as to impose undue strain upon the parts when the overload release functions and the pivotally connected parts H4 and I" move relatively to each other to their open or broken position. In the coupled position of position I of Fig. 13, the maximum driving torque is represented by the product of the spring tension 1", which is a direct function of the length l' and the effective moment arm a. When an abnormal resistance to feeding movement is encountered in the machine which exceeds this torque, then the' pivotally connected parts H4 and I" break, the part III moving about one or the other of the pins II5, depending upon the direction of travel of the arm IM and part III at the time of release. Assuming that the arm IM and part III are traveling toward the right (as shown in Fig. 13) at the time of release, then the part I II will move about the right hand pin II5 as a pivot to the position indicated in the drawing as position 2. Inasmuch as the driving connection may release at the time the arm IM and part III are completely at one end or the other of their strokes, provision is made for pivotal movement of the part III relative to the part II4 for the com: plete amplitude of travel of the arm I 0|, and corresponding amplitude of pivotal movement of the part In about either of the pins II5, which in actual practice may involve an angular movement of the part I I1 about a pin II 5 of 30 or more. As the part In pivots about the pin II5, while the part I I4 remains stationary due to jamming of the racks or other abnormal operating condition, the length of the spring gradually increases until the limiting position Z is attained,

so that the spring tension 1 is somewhat increased. However, due to the relative arrangement of the parts including the positioning of the cross pin I2I above and intermediate the pins H5, the length of the moment arm represented by the line drawn from the pivot pin II5 normal to the center line of the spring I20 progressively decreases at a rate arranged to counteract to a predetermined extent, or even to more than counteract, the length increase and increasing spring are so proportioned and arranged that the product of F and a is not materially greater, and is preferably less, than the product of f and a; consequently the actual driving torque exerted by the 5 springs I20 between the parts II! and H4 in their extreme open or broken position as indicated in position 2 has not materially increased but may have even decreased from that which is exerted in the normal operating position of position I. The net result is that substantially the maximum driving torque is exerted when the parts are closed and the machine is functioning normally; the torque can be regulated and predetermined to provide a desired releasing force which must be attained or exceeded to'produce breaking of the parts, such as upon jamming of the racks; the overload release can release in either direction of oscillating movement and in any position of its range of movement; and after the parts of the overload release have broken upon encountering a resistance to movement greater than the driving torque f, a normally holding the parts together, the effective driving torque then does not materially increase but in fact may decrease as the parts approach maximum broken position represented by the torque P, a. The driving strain exerted by the part I I4, lever I I6, oscillating frame 52 and pivoted-dogs 66 upon the jammed racks is thereby maintained at a desired low force value which is regulated to prevent injury thereto; and

during a part of the relative pivotal movement of the parts H4 and I H on each cycle of oscillating movement the driving strain may be even reduced below this value. As soon as the jamming of the racks or other obstruction causing the resistance to feeding movement is overcome, the parts I I4 and II! automatically resume their normal operating position shown in Fig. 5, and

normal feeding movement is automatically resinned.

In some instances the washing machine is so installed that the carrier table I28 extending from the outlet end I30'of the machine (see Fig. 10) terminates a short distance from the machine due, for example, to the installation being such thatan end wall of the room prevents further extension of the table I28,,or because it is desirable to have the table continue at a right angle as shown at I3 I. Such an arrangement limits the travel of the carriers 38 beyond the outlet end of the machine and, if they are not removed by the operator, they may fill up solidly the space from the end wall I32 of the table in through the washing machine so that further advance of the carriers is prevented. When such conditions arise, or if an article should so project from a carrier as to cause an obstruction to the feeding movement, the advance of the carriers stops upon encountering such resistance and provision of the overload release in the form of the resiliently held two part lever permits the driving movement of the drive gear 25 to continue even though feeding motion is restrained. Upon removing the' trays of washed articles, or removing the obstruction which has caused a cessation of feeding movement, the feeding motion is again resumed just as soon as the driven load becomes less than the tension holding the parts-of the lever together. This stoppage of feeding motion and resuming of movement occurs automatically and without any attention from the operator of the machine.

Rinsing jets I35 are positioned toward the outlet end .of the machine from the washing station 75 so that the carrier's upon being advanced beyond the washing station are subjected to sprays of rinsing water before passing from the machine. As shown, the rinsing jets I35 are positioned both above and below the path of travel of the carriers so as to direct sprays from both directions toward the carriers. The jets I35 are spaced upon'a pipe structure having a horizontally extending portion I3'I extending transversely of the machinev beneath the path of travel of the carriers and connected to an upright pipe I38 from which a second horizontally extending jet carrying pipe I39 extends parallel to the pipe I31 and above the path of travel of the carriers.

supply rinse water to the jets only during the time that a carrier is within range of the jets. The control for the rinse valve I43 comprises an arm I45 which is pivotally supported upon a shaft I46 extending from a bracket I" of the machineframe. The arm I45 terminates in a finger I43 which stands normally'within the path of travel of the carriers so that upon entrance of a carrier within the range of the rinsing jets the arm I45 will be moved pivotally to open the rinse valve. The hub portion I50 of the control arm is provided with oppositely positioned spaced lugs I5I and I5I'. As shown, the lug I5I has pivotally connected to it a link I53 which terminates in a universal joint connection I54 which is attached to the operating lever I55 of the valve I 43. The

valve I43 is preferably of a conventional form in which the valve stem is depressed to provide a passage through the valve. A. spring is incorporated in the valve structure to constantly urge the valve to closed position and this spring serves also to urge the connected control arm toward a position in which the finger I43 stands within the path of the carriers. Such movement of the control arm is limited by a pin I5'I which extends through the arm l45 and is adapted to contact with the upstanding leg of one of the track members 46.

Further control of the flow of rinse water is provided bywthe insertion of a valve 251 in the rinse water pipe I58 which extends from a source of supply of rinse water to the valve I43. The valve 251 is provided with a control lever I59 which normally stands in the path of travel of- I 32 of the carrier table I26. As shown, the control lever I59 is pivotally mounted at I66 upona bracket I6I which is attached to the table I26- and serves as a support both for the valve 251 and the lever I53. The lever I53 comprises angularly extending arms, one of which, numbered I63, normally stands within the confines of the end wall I32 and is urged to that position by a spring I64 which is tensioned between the bracket I6I and the opposite arm I66 of the lever I". The arm I66 is positioned in alignment with the valve stem I6] of the valve 251 and the tension.

The pipe I33 terminates in a union connection I 4.6 for attachment to a the'carriers 38 as they approach the end wall I machine and fill up the entire space on the table I28 to the end wall I32 so that further advance of the carriers is prevented, the arm I63 upon being encountered by the advancing carrier is .caused to swing against the tension of the spring I64 to permit the valve 251 to close so that the supply of rinse water is shut off to thereby prevent waste of rinse water through the jets until the advancing movement of the carriers is again 10 resumed by removing the trays of washed articles to so release the lever I59. Such an arrangement of parts permits each carrier of articles to be thoroughly rinsed by permitting the rinse water to flow during the time that the carrier is advanced, but an excess flow of rinse water is prevented by shutting off the supply whenever may be readily accomplished by removing the.

pawl carrying bars 52 of the carrier advancing frame and turning them end for end so that the bar mounted toward the rear when the machine is feeding in a left hand direction will be attached to the front of the machine for feeding movement in a right hand direction. This reversal of parts is accomplished by removing the screws 53 which hold the bars 52 to the end portions 55 of the frame, and by replacing the screws upon reversing the bars. The remainder of the feeding mechanism remains unchanged for feeding movement in either direction and, by being symmetrically arranged, the overload release of the lever I05 operates equally well when feeding in either direction. Reversal of feeding movement necessitates no change in the control by which the washing station pawls are rendered ineffective to feed the carriers as this control is positioned centrally of the length of the machine and operates to engage the pawls when feeding in either direction.

When reversing the direction of operation of the machine it is necessary to change the rinsing jets so thatthey will be positioned at the outlet end of the machine. To change the position of the rinsing station it is only necessary to detach the jets and their supporting piping at the union I40, and attach this piping to the union I40 at the opposite end of the machine. The rinse control valve I43 remains unchanged while its control arm I45 is turned end for end on its hub I50 so that it will extend in the direction of the rinsing jets. Reversal of the control arm hub brings the lug I5I' to a position 60 where the link I53 may be connected to it, and as this lug extends oppositely from the lug -I5I the valve will be opened upon engagement of the control arm fingers by a carrier. The limit pin I51 by extending in opposite directions from the arm I45 serves in either position of assembly. Both end portions of the hub I50 are threaded as indicated at I10 and a cap member I'll is provided to enclose the exposed hub end against entrance of moisture. The member I1I serves 7 as a housing for the nut I12 by which the control arm is held to the shaft I46, and also provides for attachment of a grease cup I 13 by which lubricant may be introduced to the control arm hub.

Splashing of water from the machine as well as contamination of the rinsing operation by entrance of washing water is prevented by the use of fabric curtains-I15 which are suspended from the machine housing. The curtains I15 are preferably made of duck or some other suitable material and are each provided with a cross rod I16 of sufficient length to extend beyond the curtain width as shown at I 11 to permit suspension of the curtains from hook members carried by the housing of the machine. As shown, a curtain is suspended adjacent the entrance opening of the machine from hooks I 18. Additional hooks I19 provide support for a curtain which hangs between the washing station and the rinsing station, while another set of hooks I80 suspend a curtain beyond the rinsing station to prevent splashing of rinse water from the machine. Ad-

ditional hooks are provided and are positioned within the machine symmetrically to those described so that when the feeding movement is in a right hand direction the curtains may be suspended accordingly. Under such circumstances the curtain shown suspended from the hooks I19 would be suspended from the symmetrically positioned hooks I19, while the curtain suspended from the hooks I80 would be transferred to the hooks I80. The curtain hanging at the entrance end from the hooks I18 would also be transferred to the opposite end of the machine.

The upper washing jets 36 are positioned upon a wash arm structure 35 which is adapted to be rotated by the reaction forces of water issued from the jets. The arm 35 is suspended from a bearing mounted in the housing 34 and the arrangement of parts is generally similar to that disclosed in the copending application of Herbert L. Johnston, Serial No. 478,978, filed August 30,

1930. I The lower jet structure 33 comprises a stationary header casting I86 which is connected to the conduit 3i and is provided with spaced pairs of axially aligned oppositely opening outlets I81 to which the nozzle arms I88 are removably attached. The nozzle arms I88 are each provided with spaced jets 36, and an extending sleeve portion I89 which extends within the header I86 where it is adjustably held by means of a thumb screw I90. The interfitting relationship of the sleeves I89 within the header I86 is such that the individual nozzle arms I88 may be independently adjusted as desired. Also, such an arrangement permits the nozzle arms I88 to be readily removed for access to the strainers 20 so that the strainers may be easily taken fromthe machine for cleaning.

The jets 36 of the lower jet structure are positioned to provide a uniform distribution of wash water within the extent of the washing station, and the sprays are directed so that each time a carrier comes to rest within the washing station a different spray pattern is played upon the articles. The relationship between ,the jets and the extent of a carrier movement is preferably such that the spacing between adjacent jets is somewhat difierent than the carrier movement so that each time the carrier comes to rest the sprays will be directed toward different regions of the carrier. Adjacent jets preferably stand angularly related to one another, as shown in Fig. 11, so

. that each time a carrier comes to rest a given general region of a carrier will be acted upon by sprays directed toward the carrier at different angles from the sprays at the preceding position of rest. An arrangement of sprays as described permits effective washing of articles such as cups, bowls, and such hollow articles which are preferably positioned in the carriers in an inverted position so that the interiors thereof are exposed for cleaning by sprays from the lower jet structure. By providing a spacing of jets different than the amount of a carrier movement,

and by directing these jets at difierent angles a uniform distribution of wash water is supplied whereby the sprays act effectively on all parts of a carrier. The normal intervals of rest together with the spacing of and the angular relationship of the sprays permits each region of a carrier to be subjected to a spraying action of suflicient duration to clean articles which are easily washed, while articles m'ore diflicult to clean, by provision of a control permitting a dwell at the washing station, may be subjected to washing action of any duration beyond that provided in the normal passage of articles through the washing zone.

through the machine by provision of an oscillating carrier support and stationary advancing means positioned to move the carriers relatively to the support upon movement of the carrier support in one direction. Such an arrangement of parts is illustrated in Fig. 12 which shows a horizontally disposed carrier frame 200 comprising parallel extending side rails or tracks 20! andinterconnecting end members 202 suspended for oscillating movement within the washing machine housing. The suspension is generally similar to that shown in Fig. 1 for an oscillating feeding frame, and comprises metal tapes 203 which are attached to each corner of the frame 200 and are suitably supported from brackets 205 on the machine housing. The free flexing of the tapes 203 permits the frame 200 to beoscillated by rocking movement of a driving lever 20B having a link connection 201 with an end member of the frame 200. The lever 206 is rocked as by means of the gear drive shown in Fig. l which may be operatively connected to the lever as by means of the link 208. I

The carriers are placed-upon the track frame 200 by being inserted through the open end 2H1 of the housing, and are advanced through the machine by'engagement with pawls 2 i 2 which are pivotally mounted from the machine housing in position to engage the spaced lugs 10 of the carriers.

. axes 2i 3 which are held in fixed relation to the housing and serveto restrain movement of the carriers with the frame 200 as the frame swing in the direction. against which the pawls hold. The carriers move with the frame'by frictional contact therewith as the frame swings to the left, and are held by thepawls 2I2 so as to be moved relatively to the frame as it swings to the right. The pawls 212 are so spaced throughout the longitudinal extent of the machine that upon oscillation of the frame 200 the carriers are moved through the machine in a succession of intermittent movements at a steady rate of advance. As

The pawls -2l2 are free to rock on their shown, the pair of pawls designated 2" are positioned adjacent the entering end of the machine and are spaced less than a carrier length from the pawls 2l8 which are positioned adjacent the middle portion of the machine and within the range of the washing jets; some of which are shown diagrammatically at 220. A third pair of pawls numbered 22| are positioned adjacent the outlet end of the machine and, as shown, are

. spaced from the pawls 2l8'a distance equal to or less than a carrier length plus the amount of one carrier movement. As the carrier is advanced through the machine it moves progressively past the pawls 2" then past the pawls 2l8 until these latter finally engage therear face of the carrier frame. The following right-hand movement of the frame 200' causes the carrier to be held against the pawls 'so as to be advanced relatively to the frame and upon the next left-hand movement of the frame the carried is brought within operating range of the pawls 22L With such a feeding arrangement the carriers move forwardly on the left-hand swing with the frame due to frictional contact therewith, and

are heldagainst pawls 2l2 on the right-hand swing for advance relative to the supporting frame. This advance of carriers may continue until further advance is obstructed as by the occurrence of a condition such as is illustrated in Fig. 10 wherein the carriers are prevented from further advance by an obstruction in the path of the first carrier. When a condition arises which prevents further feeding, the carriers, by-

being frictionally held to the frame only by their own weight, are caused to slide relatively to the frame upon left-hand feeding movement of the frame. During right-hand movement those carriers still supported by the frame will tend to move with the frame until further movement is prevented by engagement with pawls 212. When an obstruction, which prevents further advance of the carriers, occurs at a point other than at the extremes of an advancing movement the carriers on the frame are caused to oscillate with the frame through whatever. space exists between the obstruction encountered upon left-hand movement and the pawls encountered upon right hand movement and consequently those carriers within range of the washing jets are subjected to the action of relatively moving sprays.

A control 223 is provided whereby the pawls 2 l8 may be rendered inoperative when desired so as to provide a dwell for the carriers at the washing station. This control is generally similar to that operated by the arm I6 and, like that control, may be operated manually to provide for either continuous advance of the carriers through the machine or a dwell at the washing station.

With the pawls 2l8 held in inoperative position by the control 223 a carrier upon being entered within the machine is advanced by the pawls 2 ll until it passes beyond operating range of these pawls. As, with the pawls 2| 8 inoperative, there is no means for providing further advance of the carrier, it is caused to oscillate with the frame 200, and to continue such movement either until the pawls 2! are released or until the next suc ceeding carrier advances the carrier at the dwell position an amount sufficient to be engaged by the pawls 22l. ,A carrier while" in thedwell position isrocked slowly back and forth with the frame within the range of the washing jets so that a thorough washing operation results. It is thus seen that the carriers or racks of articles to be washed are moved back and forth in a certain washing or treating zone of the machine during the dwell in this form of the device. For purposes of description, the term dwell is used herein to connote either the stationary positioning of a carrier within a certain zone of the washing machine during a cessation of advancing feeding movement, or a local movement of the carrier within such a zone without advancing feeding movement, whereby superior washing and cleaning action is obtained. The back and forth local movement of a carrier without advancing feeding movement may be characterized for purposes of description as an oscillating dwell. With an arrangement such as that. described in which the carriers are held to the frame only by frictional engagement, the driving lever 206 need be only a solid one piece member as upon obstruction to carrier advance the carriers are free to slide relatively to the frame.

Should it be desirable to provide positive means to move the carriers with the frame 200 instead of relying upon frictional engagement this can be readily accomplished by attaching pawls to the frameas shown at 225. These pawls 225 are pivotally attached to the carrier tracks 2! and prevent movement of the carriers relatively to the frame in the direction of travel of the frame in which the carriers move relatively to the fixed pawls H2. The pawls 225 are pivotally connected at 226 to the tracks 2M in spaced relation to the pawls 2l2. Suitable means are provided on the pawls 225 to limit their rocking movement and as shown, comprise spaced lugs 22? which stand from the pawls in positions to engage the horizontal legs of the angularly formed track. 'I'he'pawls 22.5 are formed with weighted end portions 228 which tend to hold the pawls in position so that the carrier engaging end 229 of the pawls will stand in the path of travel of the carriers.

The provision of the pawls 225 permits positive advance of the carriers through the machine and prevents failure of the feeding motion due to slippage of the carriers on the frame, or to the carriers encountering a slight obstruction just suflicient to overcome the frictional engagement of the carriers such for example as when a carrier advances to the point where it engages the control arm I45 for the rinse valve. Under certain conditions the control arm may require more force to open it than is available through frictional contact of the carriers with the track and the pawls 225, by providing positive movement, insure proper advance of a carrier. 'Ihe pawls 225, as mentioned, are provided in spaced relation to the pawls 2l2; one pair 232 being positioned adjacent the entering end of the machine while a second pair 233 stands relative to the pawls 2l8, and a third pair 231 are positioned adjacent the last pair of stationary pawls 22!. The movable pawls 233 provide for positive passage of a carrier past the position of engagement with the rinse water control arm, while the pawls 234 are positioned to positively advance the carrier beyond the range of this control arm so that it is not possible for a carrier to stand in such position that the rinse valve is held inopen position as might occur when depending only upon frictional contact for carrier advance.

When the feeding movement for the carriers is provided by an oscillating supporting frame having pawls 225-for positively holding the carriers against backward movement relative to the frame 200 an overload release \is incorporated in the driving lever 206 similar tothat illustrated in Fig. 5 so that when an obstruction to carrier advance is encountered the driving means may move independently of the feeding means.

The several different forms of feeding mechanism described possess in common the feature that a dwell may be provided in the carrier ad- ,is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: I 1. In a washing machine adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for advancing the carriers relatively to the supporting means, one of said means including a suspension frame, means supporting said frame for oscillatory movement comprising straps attached at one end to the frame and at the other end to a stationary part of the machine, meansfor imparting an oscillatory movement to said suspension frame, said carrier advancing means comprising members adapted to engage the carriers during movement of the oscillatory suspension frame in one direction for advance of the carriers relative to the supporting means.

2. In a washing machine adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for advancing the carriers relatively to the supporting means, means 7 for imparting an oscillatory movement to one of said means, said carrier advancing means comprising members spaced longitudinally of the machine adapted to engage the carriers during movement of the oscillatory means in one direction for advance of the carriers relative to the supporting means, and means for rendering at least a part of said members ineffective to advance the carriers relative to the supporting means.

3. In a washing machine having a washing zone located centrally of the machine and adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed in said washing zone during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for advancing the carriers relatively to the supporting means comprising a frame adapted to oscillate parallel to carrier travel, driving means connected to the frame for imparting an oscillatory movement thereto, side rails for the frame, means for reversibly receiving the side rails on said frame'for reverse operation of the machine, spaced pawls on the side rails adapted to engage and advance carriers in one direction, said pawls being positioned on the side rails so that in either position of use of the rails the pawls are effective to advance the carriers on both sides of the washing zone and are ineffective to advance the carriers at the washing zone.

4. In a washing machine adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for advancing the carriers relatively to the supporting means, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to one of said means, said carrier advancing means comprising spaced pawls mounted to engage the carriers during movement of the oscillatory means in one direction for advance of the carriers relatively to the supporting means, means for reversibly mounting said pawls for advancing the carriers relatively to the supporting means in either direction through the machine, and means for rendering at least a part of said pawls ineffective to advance the carriers relative to the supporting means, said last named means being operative in eitherof the reversible mountings of 1 said pawls.

'5. In a washing machine comprising washing apparatus arranged to provide a. washing station and adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine;

means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for advancing the carriers relatively to the 4 supporting means, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to one of said means, said carrier advancing means comprising pawls spaced longitudinally of the machine and'mounted to engage the carriers during movement 'of the oscillatory means in one direction for advance of the carriers relative to the supporting means, and means for moving the pawls within the range of the washing station to a position ineffective to advance the carriers relative to the supporting means to thereby provide a dwell of the carriers in desired washing position. a

6'. In a washing machine adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for moving the carriers throughthe machine includingdogs en-- gaging the carriers and moving them relative to 5 thesaid supporting means, means for rendering a part only of said dogs inoperative for interrupting the movement of a carrier through the I machine to provide a dwell of the carrier at a predetermined position within the machine, said moving means including dogs remaining operative to move a succeeding carrier into contact with the previous carrier to push the previous carrier out of the dwell position, and means for rendering the inoperative dogs operative so that the moving means then operates to move the carriers straight through the machine without said dwell.

7. In a washing machine having a washing station, an oscillatory frame for supporting articles to be washed within the machine, means for imparting -an oscillatory movement to said frame, means cooperating with said oscillatory frame for advancing articles along said frame during oscillatory movement thereof, said, advancing means being effective on both sides of the washing'station and ineffective at the washing station whereby the advancing movement of the articles is stopped at the washing station so that the articles have an oscillating dwell at the washing station.

8. In a washing machine having a washing station, an oscillatory frame for supporting racks of articles to be washed within the machine, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame, means cooperating with said oscillatory frame and arranged adjacent the inlet end of the machine for advancing racks of articles along said frame as far as the washing station during oscillatory movement of said frame, and additional ad- 5 vancing means cooperating withsaid oscillatory frame and arranged adjacent the outlet end of said machine for advancing racks of -articles along said frame toward the outlet of the machine during oscillatory movement of said frame, 7 said advancing means adjacent the inlet end of the machine being operatively spaced from the advancing means adjacent the outlet end of the machine to terminate advancing movement of a rack of articles at the washing station, wherebythe rack oscillates back and forth with the frame at the washing station until a succeeding rack is fed by said advancing means adjacent the inlet end into the washing station and pushes the preceding rack out of the washing station, said additional'advancing means adjacent the outlet' end then-picking up the said preceding rack after it has been pushed out vof the dwell position and moving it along the oscillatory frame toward the outlet end of the machine.

9. In-a washing machine comprising washing apparatus arranged to provide a washing station and adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine;

means for supporting the carriers during transit,

means for advancing the carriers relatively to the supporting means, meansfor imparting an oscillatory movement to one of said means, said carrier advancing means comprising pawls spaced longitudinally of the machine and mounted to engage the carriers during movement of the 0s: cillatory meansin one direction for advance of the carriers relatively to'the supporting means, means for moving the pawls withinthe range of the washing station to a position ineffective to advance the carriers relative to the supporting means, and control means for said moving means providing for continued advance of'the carriers or a dwell at the washing station as desired.

10. In a washing machine adapted'to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; a suspension frame for supporting the carriers during transit, flexible straps fixedly connected adjacent their upper ends to a stationary part of the machine'and adjacent'their lower ends to said suspension frame to freely suspend said frame, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said suspension frame, means for advancing the carriers relatively to the suspension'frame, said carrier advancing means comprising membersv adapted to engage the carriers during movement of the suspension frame in one, direction for advance of the carriers relatively to the suspension frame.

11. In a washing machine adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for. imparting an oscillatory movement to said supporting means, means for advancing the carriersrelatively .to the supporting means, said carrier advancing means comprising members adapted to engage the carriers during. movement of the supporting means in one direction for advance of the carriers relatively to the supporting means. and

means for moving at least a part of said members to a position ineffective to advance the carriers relatively to the supporting means, whereby the carriers adjacent said part of the members can oscillate with the supporting means.

12. In a washing machine, means for supporting carriers of articles't'o be washed. means for advancing the carriers of articles through the ing means for said frame-including suspended flexible straps attached thereto, means for im-.

parting an oscillatory movement to said frame;

'and members carried by saidframeand adapted to engage and move the carriers relative to the means for the feeding means providing a feeding stroke for engagement with and advance of the carriers and a return stroke, said feeding means being reversibly attachable for feeding operation in'either of opposite directions, yielding motion transmitting means operable in either direction of machine operation comprising interconnected members of which one connects to the feeding means and the other connects to the driving means formovement therewith, resilient means holdings said members under a maintained tension and acting under normal load conditions to hold the members in predetermined relationship, said resilient means being adapted to yield in either direction of movement of said motion transmitting means upon subjection to an excessive carrier advancing load for relative movement of the members during existence of the excessive load and to return the members to normal relationship upon termination of the excessive load so that the normal relationship exists except under excessive load conditions and normal reciprocating operation is maintained for ready withdrawal of carriers during the return stroke of normal operation.

14. In a washing machine comprising washing apparatus arranged to provide a washing station, a movable supporting means for carriers of articles to be washedduring transit through the machine, driving means imparting an oscillatory movement to said supporting means, feeding means for intermittently advancing the carriers with respect to the supporting means, and means to render said feeding means ineffective for further intermittent advance of a carrier within the range of the washing station during continued movement of the supporting means for effecting local movement of the said carrier within the range of the washing station without advance of the carrier out of said range.

15. In a washing machine, means for supporting racks of articles to be washed, means for advancing said racks through the machine, one

of said means including an oscillatory frame, said advancing means including dogs spaced longitudinally for engaging the racks to advance the racks relative to their supporting means in stepped amounts during oscillation of said frame in one direction, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame including a driving mechanism and interconnections between said driving mechanism and said frame, said interconnections including an overload release comprising a lever pivotally mounted adjacent the central portion thereof and having two end parts extending oppositely from the central portion and yieldingly connected in normally fixed relation to each other under predetermined tension to transmit a driving force from said driving mechanism to said frame to oscillate the same, said two parts moving relative to each other while maintaining the said yielding connection when said frame encounters a predetermined resistance to movement to thereby terminate rack advancing movement of said frame at any position within the range of oscillation thereof and while maintaining continued operation of said driving mechanism, said yielding connection between the two parts of said overload release then providing for continued oscillation of said frame throughout that portion of its normal range of oscillation behind the point where the said predetermined resistance is encountered to thereby intermittently relieve the racks from the application of forward feeding force during the continued operation of said driving mechanism thus providing for ready removal of the racks during such intervals of relief.

16. In a washing machine, means for supporting carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine oscillating feeding means for advancing the carriers in repeated steps relativet-o the supporting means, driving means for the feeding means providing a feeding stroke for engagement with and advance of the carriersand a return stroke, yielding motion transmitting means comprising interconnected members of which one connects to the feeding means and the other connects to the driving means for movement therewith, resilient 'means holding said members one against the other in abutting relationship under a maintained tension and acting of the members during existence of the excessive load and to return the members to normal rela-' tionship upon termination of the excessive load so that the normal relationship exists except under excessive load conditions and normal reciprocating operation is maintained for ready withdrawal of the carriers during the return stroke of normal operation.

47. In a washing machine having a, casing, means in said casing for supporting carriers of articles to be washed, and means for moving carriers through the casing in succession; a spray jet supported within the casing to direct a spray of liquid on the carriers of articles as they are moved through the casing, a supply pipe for said spray let, a normally closed valve in said supply pipe, a carrier operated control for said valve positioned to open said valve for operation of the spray when a carrier is within range of the spray, a receiving space for racks beyond the discharge end of the casing and in alignment therewith to receive racks as they are moved out of the casing, a normally open valve in said supply pipe, and carrier operated control means for said last named valve positioned in said receiving space in the path of movement of the carriers for actuation thereby to automatically shut off the supply of liquid to the spray jet by closure of the normally open valve for so long as the control is actuated by the presence of a carrier at the control position.

18. In a washing machine having a casing andhaving means for moving carriers of articles to and means automatically operable for terminating the supply of liquid to said spraying meching the racks through the casing, a spray jet for directing a liquid spray upon the racks as they are passed through the casing, means controlling the supply of liquid to said spray jet, a member positioned'in the path of movement of the racks in said casing for engagement thereby for automatically actuating said controlling means to supply liquid to the spray jet, a receiving space for racks beyond the discharge end of the casing and in alignment therewith to receive racks as they are moved out of the casing, and a second member positioned in said receiving space in the path of movement of the racks for engagement thereby after they are discharged from the casing for automatically terminating the supply of liquid to said spray jet.

20. In a washing machinehaving means for moving carriers of articles to be washed and adapted to convey the carriers in either of opposite directions through the machine; supply piping arranged to convey rinse water to a rinsing position, said piping terminating in outlets arranged to receive a rinsing jet adjacent either of opposite ends of the machine, a supply valve permanently attached to said piping, and control means for said valve mounted in the path of travel of the carriers, said control means being reversibly. attachable for operation of the valve upon contact with a'carrier traveling toward the rinse jet when positioned at either of opposite ends of the machine.

' 21. In a washing machine, means to advance carriers of articles through the machine in a'succession of intermittent movements, and means for directing sprays of liquid against the carriers of articles as they are moved through the machine comprising a spray header having a plurality of pipes spaced transversely thereof, said pipes extending in a generally longitudinal direction of the machine but somewhat inclined transversely thereto, each pipe extending longitudinally for a distance greater than the extent of a plurality of advancing movements of a carrier by said advancing means, a plurality of longitudinally spaced spray jets carried by each pipe, the positioning and inclination of the several pipes providing liquid sprays from the spray jets which are staggered transversely of the machine so as to efiectively cover the lateral extentof a carrier, the spray jets of each pipe having a spacing coordinated with the amplitude of said intermittent movements to provide sprays spaced apart in the direction of carrier movement and having a spacing where they are effective on the carriers I which spacing is difierent from the extent of an advancing movement of the carrier and from multiples thereof so that the sprays issuing from said jets impinge upon each carrier at a plurality the machine but arranged to direct spray jets transversely with respect to the line of advance of said carriers, said series of nozzles extending longitudinally fora distance greater than the extent of a plurality of advancing movements of a carrier by said advancing means, the positioning of the several jets providing liquid sprays which effectively cover the lateral extent of a carrier, the spray jets having a predetermined definite spacing coordinated with the amplitude of said intermittent movements to provide sprays spaced apart in the direction of carrier movement and having a spacing where they are effective on the carriers which spacing .is difierent from the extent of an advancing movement of the carrier and from multiples thereof, so that the sprays issuing from said jets impinge upon the carrier and the articles thereon at different areas during each of the several rest intervals when said carrier is stationary andfwithin range of the sprays of said header, the summation of the several areas thus impinged upon by the sevmeans including a suspension frame, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said suspension frame, said carrier advancing -means comprising members adapted to engage the carriers during movement of the oscillatory suspension frame in one direction and additional members adapted to engage the carriers during movement of the suspension frame in the opposite ;di-

rection.

24. In a washing machine adapted to receive carriers of articles to be washed during transit through the machine; means for supporting the carriers during transit, means for imparting oscillatory movement to said supporting means, means on the supporting means to positively provide movement of the carriers with the supporting means upon movement of the supporting means in one direction, and means to-move the carriers relatively to the supporting means upon movement of the supporting means in the opposite direction. I

25. In a washingmachine having a washing station, an oscillatory frame, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame, means associated with said frame and spaced longitudinally thereof for positively advancing articles in a series of intermittent movements during oscillation of said frame, said advancing means being effective on both sides of the washing station and ineffectiveat the washing station whereby advancing movement of the articles is stopped to provide a dwell at the washing station during continued oscillation of said frame.

26. In a washing machine having a washing station and a rinsing station, an oscillatory frame,

means for imparting an oscillatory movement to.

sa d frame, means associated with said frame adjacent the inlet end of the machine for positively advancing a rack of articles in a series of intermittent movements into the washing station during oscillation of said frame, and additional advancing means associated with said frame adjacent the outlet end of said machine for positively advancing a rack of articles through the said rinsing station, said advancing means adjacent the inlet end being operatively spaced from said advancing means adjacent the outlet end to stop advancing movement so that a rack remains in said washing station during continued oscillation of said frame until a succeeding rack is advanced into the washing station by said advancing means adjacent the inlet end and pushes the preceding rack out of the washing station, said additional advancing means adjacent the outlet end then picking up said preceding rack and positively advancing it in a series of intermittent movements through said rinsing station during continued oscillation of said frame and while the succeeding rack dwells in the washing station.

27. In a washing machine having a washing station with wash liquid sprays and a rinsing station with rinse liquid sprays, an oscillatory frame, means for imparting anoscillatory move ment to said frame, means associated with said frame adjacent the inlet end of the machine for positively advancing racks of articles in a series of intermittent movements as far as said washing station during oscillation of said frame, means for continuously supplying wash liquid to said wash liquid sprays during oscillation of said frame, and additional advancing means associated with said frame adjacent the outlet end of said machine for positively advancing a rack of articles through the said rinsing station, said advancing means adjacent the inlet end being operatively spaced from said advancing means adjacent the outlet end to stop advancing movement of a rack to provide a dwell at the washing station during continued oscillation of said frame until a succeeding rack is moved into the washing station by said advancing means adjacent the inlet end and pushes the preceding rack out of the washing station, said additional advancing r means adjacent the outlet end then picking up the rack when pushed out of the washing station and positively advancing it by a series of intermittent movements through the rinsing station, and means responsive to the passage of the ack through the rinsing station for automatically supplying rinse liquid to said rinse liquid sprays andfor automatically terminating the said supplyof rinse liquid as the rack is advanced beyond the said rinsing station.

28. In a washing machine, the combination with a rack carrying a plurality of feed members spaced longitudinally of the rack, of means for supporting the rack, and means for advancing the rack relative to the supporting means in a series of intermittent movements, each of which movements is of substantially less extent than the longitudinal length of a rack, one of said means comprising an oscillatory suspension frame, flexible straps connected at the lower ends to said frame and at the upper ends to a stationary part of the machine to freely suspend the frame, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame of the amplitude required for a rack advancing movement of the order stated, said oscillatory movement being afforded by flexure of said straps suspending the said frame, said rack advancing means including dogs for engaging the feed members of said rack to advance the rack relative to the supporting means during the oscillatory movement of said frame in one direction.

29. In a washing machine having a stationary frame work, the combination with a rack havin a plurality of feed members spaced longitudinally of the rack, of an oscillatory frame for supporting the rack, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame of an amplitude which is substantially less than the longitudinal extent of said racks and which is coordinated to the spacing of the feed members, and means mounted on the machine framework and spaced longitudinally of the machine for engaging said rack feed members to advance the rack relative to its oscillatory supporting frame during movement of the frame in one direction for movement of the rack through the machine by a plurality of intermittent movements of comparatively small amplitude.

30; In a dishwashing machine of the character described adapted to receive racks of dishes to be washed,-anoscillatory frame, means establishing driving connection between said frame and said racks during oscillation of said frame in one direction, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame including reciprocatory driving means and resilient yieldable means connected to the driving means and the oscillatory frame to transmit movement therebetween, said resilient yieldable means comprising two parts and resilient means intermediate said parts for joining said parts to each other in yieldable. relation one with respect to the other while maintaining said joined connection when said frame encounters a predetermined resistance to movement to thereby terminate rack advancing movement of said frame at any position within the range of oscillation thereof and while maintaining continued operation of said driving mechanism, said yielding connection between the said two parts then providing for continued oscillation of said frame throughout that portion of its normal range of oscillation behind the point where the said predetermined resistance is encountered to thereby intermittently relieve the racks from the application of forward feeding force during the continued operation of said driving mechanism thus providing for ready removal of the racks during such intervals of relief.

31. In a dishwashing machine of the character described adapted to receive racks of dishes to be washed, an oscillatory frame, means establishing driving connection between said frame and said racks during oscillation of said frame in one direction, means for imparting an oscillatory movement to said frame including a reciprocatory driving means and motion transmitting means between the driving means and the frame comprising a pair of members engaging one another and connected one to the driving means and the other to the frame, resilient means connected to said members for holding said members tensioned in predetermined definite positioning with respect to each other to afford a normal unyielding relationship for driven loads below a predetermined value and a yielding relationship under tension of the resilient means for loads exceeding the predetermined value, said resilient means effecting restoration of said predetermined positioning of said members upon termination of the excessive load and upon the non-driving stroke of said frame, the pressure on the racks being periodically released upon the non-driving stroke of said frame providing for ready withdrawal thereof.

32. In a washing machine adapted to receive 

